| Command(Parameters) | Example | Explanation |
|---|---|---|
| ls(dir) | ls -l | Lists directory contents |
| cd(dir) | cd /home/user | Changes current directory |
| pwd | /home/user | Prints working directory |
| mkdir(dir) | mkdir newfolder | Creates a new directory |
| rm(file) | rm file.txt | Removes files or directories |
| cp(source dest) | cp file.txt file2.txt | Copies files or directories |
| mv(source dest) | mv file.txt /home | Moves or renames files |
| cat(file) | cat file.txt | Displays file contents |
| less(file) | less largefile.txt | Views file contents page by page |
| grep(pattern file) | grep "text" file.txt | Searches text in files |
| chmod(perms file) | chmod 755 script.sh | Changes file permissions |
| chown(user file) | chown user1 file.txt | Changes file ownership |
| ps | ps aux | Displays running processes |
| kill(pid) | kill 1234 | Terminates processes by ID |
| top | top | Shows system processes live |
| df | df -h | Displays disk space usage |
| du | du -sh /dir | Shows directory size |
| tar(options file) | tar -cvf archive.tar /dir | Creates/extracts archives |
| sudo(command) | sudo apt update | Runs command as superuser |
| man(command) | man ls | Shows command manual |